Witry M., Doucette W., Daly J., Levy B., Chrischilles E. Family Physician Perceptions of Personal Health Records., Healthcare Information Management Systems Society (HIMSS) Health Information Exchange Committee, PHR and the Issue of Patients Altering Professionally-Sourced Data, Ancker J., Silver M., Kaushal R. Rapid Growth in Use of Personal Health Records in New York, 20122013.. Elderly or disabled patients also face barriers in the access to PHRs. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. include protected health information. Only a minority of doctors, hospitals, pharmacies and insurance companies can send information electronically to a PHR that isn't part of a patient portal. other information we have about you. government site. 
Source: Adapted from Yao, W., C. H. Chu, and Z. Li. NEW The Essential Diabetes Book - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Mayo Clinic on Hearing and Balance - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press. The site is secure. National Library of Medicine 2nd ed. Personal Health Records: Meaningful Use, But for Whom?. PHRs are powerful tools for patients and healthcare providers. https://www.healthit.gov/topic/privacy-security-and-hipaa/how-can-you-protect-and-secure-health-information-whenusing-mobile-device. Jones D., Shipman J., Plaut D., Shelden C. Caracteristics of personal health records: Findings of the Medical Library Association/National Library of Medicine Joint Electronic Personal Health Record Task Force., Wang T., Biedermann S. Adoption and Utilization of Electronic Health Record Systems by Long-Term Care Facilities in Texas., Dontje K., Corser W., Holzman G. Understanding Patient Perceptions of the Electronic Personal Health Record., Hilton J., Barkoff L., Chang O., Halperin L., Ratanawongsa N., Sarkar U., et al. A large disparity was found in the use of electronics, practices, generation of instruction, and the impact of productivity. The use of technology to allow or restrict patients' editing of information entered by medical professionals is critical. Conversely, each provider may have a different system, thereby making patient utilization difficult. All articles researched were in the English language. Apple. If you see multiple doctors and they don't use the same EHR system, a PHR is a good way to keep all of your health information in one place. 
Other study limitations included small sample sizes and studies that were specific to geographic regions and may not depict the population across the United States. Find out about COVID-19, COVID-19 vaccines, and Mayo Clinic patient and visitor updates. Personal health records and patient portals. A Cross-Sectional Study of Barriers to Personal Health Record Use among Patients Attending a Safety-Net Clinic., Nazi K. The Personal Health Record Paradox: Health Care Professionals' Perspectives and the Information Ecology of Personal Health Record Systems in Organizational and Clinical Settings., Kim K., Nahm E. Benefits of and Barriers to the Use of Personal Health Records (PHR) for Health Management among Adults., Online Journal of Nursing Informatics (OJNI), Lober W. B., Zierler B., Herbaugh A., Shinstrom S. E., Stolyar A., Kim E., Kim Y. 
(2006) demonstrated that approximately 97 percent of individuals over the age of 65 years had low healthcare literacy, which was correlated with limited insight on diseases.41 Patients with low health literacy were found to be less informed about medical conditions, exhibited little preventative care, and did not make productive use of the healthcare system.42 PHR systems are constructed to enlist patients in managing their healthcare plans, but if a system is too complicated for the user to administer, then it will not result in the advancement of healthcare outcomes.43, A concern intertwined with patient literacy issues was accuracy of information. Blue Button and direct secure messaging are two such examples that have been incorporated into many PHR systems. In general, your PHR needs to include anything that helps you and your doctors manage your health starting with the basics: You can also add information about what you're doing to stay healthy and prevent disease, such as: PHRs are not the same as electronic health records (EHRs), also called electronic medical records (EMRs), which are owned and maintained by doctors' offices, hospitals or health insurance plans. (2010).19 The use of this strategy in the current review is appropriate because the emphasis of both studies is to display how new technologies (PHRs) can be useful in healthcare facilities to improve the care of patients. 
With a personal health record, you can gather and manage all that information in one easily accessible location. 
In some but not all cases you can add information, such as home blood pressure readings, to your record via a patient portal. Tang P., Ash J., Bates D., Overhage J., Sands D. Personal Health Records: Definitions, Benefits, and Strategies for Overcoming Barriers to Adoption.. Individuals' right under HIPAA to access their health information. Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press. 
Lee L., Chou Y., Huang E. Design of a Personal Health Record and Health Knowledge Sharing System Using IHE-XDS and OWL., Detmer D., Bloomrosen M., Raymond B., Tang P. Integrated Personal Health Records: Transformative Tools for Consumer-centric Care.. Similar apps are available for other smartphones as well. (2007) found that the digital divide was related to racial and socioeconomic status (SES) characteristics and that correlations between SES and lower healthcare literacy rates were evident in several areas of discussion.40, Kutner et al. Many authors have agreed that both providers and patients encounter difficulties in the utilization of PHRs. Healthcare providers' views and opinions were also used to write this research article. Anderson S. Adolescent Patients and Their Confidentiality: Staying within Legal Bounds.. Weitzman E. R., Kaci L., Mandl K. D. Acceptability of a Personally Controlled Health Record in a Community-based Setting: Implications for Policy and Design., Yamin C. K., Emani S., Williams D. H., Lipsitz S. R., Karson A. S., Wald J. S., Bates D. W. The Digital Divide in Adoption and Use of a Personal Health Record., Kim E., Stolyar A., Lober W., Herbaugh A., Shinstrom S., Zierler B., et al. HealthIT.gov. 2019; doi:10.1093/jamia/ocz023. Electronic personal health records (PHRs) remedy that problem by making your information accessible to you anytime via web-enabled devices, such as computers, smartphones and tablets. health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health How can you protect and secure health information when using a mobile device? (2014) conducted a study of eight medical practices that offered PHRs to patients between the ages of 18 and 75.23 Of the 112,893 patients offered the PHR, 28,910 patients created an account. The staff at the front desk should be able to tell you how to register for it. Accessibility Conceptual Research Framework: Use of Personal Health Records (PHRs). One-third of patients aged 60 to 69 years registered for access to their PHR.49 This finding suggests a combination of discrimination and reluctance on the part of elderly patients to learn to use the technology. Alberto Coustasse, Marshall University Health Care Administration program, Lewis College of Business in South Charleston, WV. 
The purpose of this study was to analyze the usefulness of PHRs from the perspectives of patients and providers. Standards that support interoperability have started to take hold in the realm of PHRs. More patients with chronic conditions signed up for a PHR than other patients, which was attributed to these patients' having more visits to the physician's office. Personal health records (PHRs), in conjunction with EHRs, are new technological tools that have promoted patients' participation in their healthcare decisions, correction of medical record errors, and increased access to medical care.2, For many years, patients have kept paper copies of their medical records, but with this new technology, patients can have their records maintained electronically.3 PHRs are electronic portals through which patients can acquire and superintend their health records and share this information with authorized persons in a confidential, protected environment.4, PHRs became well known through the Meaningful Use (MU) mandate5 supported by the HITECH Act. about navigating our updated article layout. In the survey conducted by Wang and Biedermann (2012), three capital factors that slowed or prevented EHR implementation included the lack of capital resources to invest, noted by 46 percent of respondents; lack of proven benefit, noted by 15.3 percent of respondents; and the lack of technical infrastructure, noted by 35 percent of respondents. Likewise, providers must trust patients to enter appropriate changes in the PHR. Mayo Clinic offers appointments in Arizona, Florida and Minnesota and at Mayo Clinic Health System locations. Learn more will also be available for a limited time. Providers and healthcare workers need to remain aware that the information in the PHR belongs to the patient; however, it is not the official medical record of the patient. Directly offering the PHR to patients was more effective than mailing invitations. Personal health records and patient portals are powerful tools for managing your health. the unsubscribe link in the e-mail. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the In an emergency you can quickly give first responders vital information, such as diseases you're being treated for, medications you take, drug allergies, and contact information for your doctor. Engaging Primary Care Patients to Use a Patient-centered Personal Health Record.. Make sure any app you use requires you to enter a password and that your phone has a firewall or encryption software. They are concerned about information provided by patients being placed in the EHR, which has the potential to happen because of interoperability between systems. information highlighted below and resubmit the form. Marshall University Health Care Administration program Lewis College of Business in South Charleston, WV; electronic health records, healthcare decisions, meaningful use, personal health records (PHRs). Expanding Technology in the ICU: The Case for the Utilization of Telemedicine.. Usage Patterns of a Personal Health Record by Elderly and Disabled Users.. Marshall University Health Care Administration program Lewis College of Business in South Charleston, WV. This literature search was conducted by S.B. If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, this could Patients found value in viewing medical records, updating medical data, contacting providers, and sharing records with other providers. Adoption and Utilization of Electronic Health Record Systems by Long-Term Care Facilities in Texas.. Medical ID can display medical conditions, allergies, medications, blood type and emergency contacts. 
Interoperability is a substantial issue that needs to be addressed for seamless use of PHRs among providers and patients. 
Careers, Correction of medical errors within the medical record was possible, Patients had a broader knowledge base of their health concerns and decreased utilization of healthcare services, Opportunities were provided for increased effective communication between patients and physicians, Patients were engaged in their healthcare decisions, Records could be shared with other providers, Communication with physicians regarding surgeries, medications, immunizations, and allergies had compelling outcomes, Patients had difficulty accessing the PHR and saw a lack in value of accessing PHRs, Limited health literacy resources contributed to a lack of understanding of records, Challenges were identified regarding the proper information being transmitted to the PHR by the healthcare institution, Physicians were concerned with legal liability, Providers had concerns regarding incorrect information being placed in the PHR by patients, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) regulations were related to concerns with specific diseases (e.g., AIDS), Concerns were expressed regarding security of information and insufficient provision of information, Health outcomes did not improve as a result of access to the PHR, Patients found communicating through the PHR too cumbersome and preferred contacting the provider's office, Older patients had limitations related to healthcare literacy and technology use. Kannry J., Beuria P., Wang E., Nissim J. Marshall University Health Care Administration program, Lewis College of Business in South Charleston, WV. Device software functions including mobile medical applications. Trying to maintain data integrity in multiple PHRs provided by retail pharmacies, insurance companies, hospitals, physician offices, and patient-generated systems manually would be nearly impossible for the average healthcare consumer. Interviews conducted by Witry et al. Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Book: Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, 5th Edition, Newsletter: Mayo Clinic Health Letter Digital Edition. After a flood, are food and medicines safe to use? For example, a PHR enables you to: Building a complete health record takes some time. Then start taking advantage of its features. If patients do not understand how to utilize PHRs, healthcare providers would not be utilizing their time efficiently by providing this information. Factors that affect the use of electronic personal health records among patients: A systematic review. Providers have questioned whether patient-entered information should be taken into consideration when making medical decisions.15 Specific groups of patients are protected by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). The success or failure of PHRs in the US healthcare system depends on the advancement and use of the technology. While patients should be allowed to communicate changes in regard to over-the-counter and prescription medications, the removal and addition of codified medical diagnostic information needs to remain in the hands of medical professionals. Dontje et al. If you're like most people, you have a number of health concerns and may visit multiple doctors and pharmacies. You may opt-out of email communications at any time by clicking on As noted above, in one study of 112,893 patients who were offered PHRs, 28,910 accepted and signed up. FOIA 
Health Professions School, in Huntington, WV. Personal health records (PHRs) have been mandated to be made available to patients to provide increased access to medical care information, encourage participation in healthcare decision making, and enable correction of errors within medical records. Kim and Nahm (2012) identified challenges that impeded patients who wished to access their PHRs from doing so.52 Lower SES is a barrier that has been pinpointed as an obstacle to accessing PHRs. And you've probably encountered the big drawback of paper records: You rarely have them with you when you need them. PHRs have the potential to improve healthcare because they can engage the patient in healthcare decisions by connecting patients to their medical records and physicians through an electronic portal. The findings reported by Kutner et al. Accessed Dec. 12, 2019. 
information submitted for this request. To research problems involving the current use of PHRs in healthcare, it was first necessary to recognize the existing difficulties and issues that impede adoption of PHRs by providers and patients. 
This content does not have an English version. The study of the benefits and burdens of PHRs for patients and providers exhibited mixed results. 
Conversely, some articles noted concerns regarding patients' understanding of PHRs and physicians' concerns regarding cost and time constraints associated with responding to e-mails. information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of In addition, federal laws have been put in place to protect the security of personal health information. If that's the case, you may not want to create a separate, standalone PHR. From 2012 to 2013, PHR use rose from 11 percent to 17 percent, and the percentage of providers who offered PHRs rose from 50 percent to 73 percent. New England Journal of Medicine. Bourgeois F., Taylor P., Emans S., Nigrin D., Mandl K. Whose Personal Control? Empower your patients with health records on iPhone. 
Expanding Technology in the ICU: The Case for the Utilization of Telemedicine., Coustasse A., Tomblin S., Slack C. Impact of Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) Technologies on the Hospital Supply Chain: A Literature Review., Krist A., Woolf S., Bello G., Sabo R., Longo D., Kashiri P., et al. Organ donation: Don't let these myths confuse you, Personal health records and patient portals, List and dates of illnesses and surgeries, Chronic health problems, such as high blood pressure, Health goals, such as stopping smoking or losing weight, Appointment summaries, sometimes with associated educational material. Rapid Growth in Use of Personal Health Records in New York, 20122013.. (2011) showed that Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks were less inclined to embrace PHRs than non-Hispanic whites were.39 Kim et al. Grossman LV, et al. Samuel Boateng, Marshall University Health Care Administration program, Lewis College of Business in South Charleston, WV. 1998-2022 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). Patients could potentially end up with as many as ten or more disparate PHRs depending on what facilities, providers, employers, and insurance companies are involved. Figure Figure11 shows the progression of the use of PHRs in healthcare facilities and by patients, including the benefits and barriers to adoption. You have to collect and enter all your health information. Original articles, reviews, and research studies including primary and secondary data were incorporated. Should a patient identify potentially incorrect diagnostic data within a PHR, a secure message to the provider from the patient would be appropriate. Personal Health Records: Meaningful Use, But for Whom?. Mobile devices and health. Utilization of PHRs can be beneficial because it allows for the correction of errors in medical records and gives patients access to the information to share with other providers. But EHRs contain more extensive information because they're used by health care providers to store visit notes, test results and much more. Ancker C., Dykes P. Electronic Health Records and Personal Health Records., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Shrestha R. Meaningful Use: Reflecting on Moving Forward in Meaningful Use., Taha J., Czaja S., Sharit J., Morrow D. Factors Affecting Usage of a Personal Health Record (PHR) to Manage Health.. https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/privacy/guidance/access/index.html. PMC legacy view 
BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making. 
Patient education and active engagement in the use of PHRs is essential for success. Benefits of and Barriers to the Use of Personal Health Records (PHR) for Health Management among Adults.. 2019; doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2019.03.014. These findings suggested that the same financial and market forces that are impacting EHR also impact in PHR adoption. For the PHR to succeed in the US healthcare system, assurance that the information will be protected, useful, and easily accessed is necessary. Limitations included a participation rate of only 25.6 percent and the fact that patients took an average of 59.5 days to access their PHR. 
Key terms used in the search included personal health records, PHRs, cost, and utilization. The search was limited to articles published between 2005 and 2015 to ensure that the data were current. The .gov means its official. Sign up for free, and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips and current health topics, like COVID-19, plus expertise on managing health. Security of patient information was a main concern of several focus groups conducted in numerous cities.35 A concern about low use of new technology among older patients was reported by Lober et al. The methodology for this study was a qualitative literature review. This act mandated that EHRs should operate reciprocally throughout the nation's healthcare system and be used in a meaningful manner.6 MU, which has three stages of objectives, emphasized the use of EHRs to improve quality, safety, efficiency, and health inequality. Conference Proceedings: Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 8600 Rockville Pike Mitka M. Physicians Cite Problems with EHRs., Cahill J., Gilbert M., Armstrong T. Personal Health Records as Portal to the Electronic Medical Record., Studeny J., Coustasse A. Thirty-four resources were selected for this research. The Marshall University library in Huntington, West Virginia, was utilized to obtain full-text articles from PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, and CINAHL. This content does not have an Arabic version. In addition, this methodology has been replicated in previous studies, including studies of the adoption of PHRs, telemedicine technology, and radio-frequency identification (RFID), thereby supporting its internal validity.20, 21, 22 This framework was applied to document the benefits and the barriers related to the implementation of PHRs for both patients and providers. Personal Health Records: Is Rapid Adoption Hindering Interoperability?. A PHR that is tied to an EHR is called a patient portal. Having a PHR can be a lifesaver, literally. (If your doctor doesn't offer one, ask if one will be available in the future.) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Marshall University Health Informatics program. The process of transferring health data electronically isn't always perfect and mistakes can happen. The new PMC design is here! Pros and Cons of Utilization of Personal Health Records (PHRs) by Patients and Providers. A meaningful PHR should be integrated with EHRs for HIE however only 26 percent of PHR were found to be integrated only while 54 percent were stand alone.53. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Associations: JAMIA. Another study found that access to PHRs made no difference in health outcomes, although patients' communication with physicians improved in areas regarding medications, immunizations, surgeries, and allergies.51 This study was limited in that it was conducted with New York residents only and therefore may not accurately depict the entire nation. EHRs typically contain the same basic information you would put in a PHR, such as your date of birth, medication list and drug allergies. and M.L. Witry M., Doucette W., Daly J., Levy B., Chrischilles E. Family Physician Perceptions of Personal Health Records.. Research all apps before you download them to your phone and enter your personal information. One-third of patients aged 60 to 69 years created an account.24, Environmental barriers, including capital intensity and market forces also have impacted both EHR and PHR adoption. The results were gathered from a diverse population ranging from the young to the elderly. ), Insufficient time to select, contract, install software/technology. Perspectives in Health Information Management, http://www.cdc.gov/ehrmeaningfuluse/introduction.html, http://www.himss.org/ResourceLibrary/ResourceDetail.aspx?ItemNumber=11097/, Difficulty finding HIT products that meet needs, Inability to easily input historic medical record data into software/technology system, Unclear benefits of EHR in improving quality, Lack of technical infrastructure (servers, etc. It is important to make sure any apps you use are secure so that your information is kept private. Abd-Alrazaq AA, et al. MU stage 3 has an objective to improve health outcomes through quality, safety, efficiency, and access to PHRs as a health management tool.7 PHRs were included in the second stage under the objective of commissioning patients and their families to be involved in their healthcare.8 Patients who have accessed their medical records have reported a broader knowledge base of their own health concerns, the ability to communicate more effectively with their physicians, initiation of efforts to improve their health, and decreased utilization of healthcare services.9 PHRs can help make patients aware of their health conditions, which could initiate changes in their healthcare plan.10, PHRs can be tethered or untethered.11 Tethered PHRs are connected with EHRs, meaning that patients can see data that providers have placed into the PHR. McBride S, et al., eds. Engaging Primary Care Patients to Use a Patient-centered Personal Health Record.. You can also use it to indicate if you're registered to be organ donor. Perspectives in Health Information Management. The study found that patients who had some experience using computers had a more beneficial experience than those who did not).31, In a report by Nazi (2013), physicians acknowledged that secure messaging was the one omitted piece in the execution of information technology.32 Secure messaging was an integral part of entry, transmission, patient self-reporting, and patient/provider rapport. (2014) conducted a study in New York regarding PHRs and their effectiveness.47 Surveys were given to 800 adult residents of New York. You could use an app such as the Health app for iPhones, which includes Medical ID, which makes critical information available via the lock screen for use by first responders in an emergency. Researcher and publisher bias might have affected the results of the study by Witry et al. A personal health record is simply a collection of information about your health. 
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The scheme for this literature review followed the conceptual research framework of Yao et al.
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